Jan Larsson räägib külalisseminaril äädikakärbse kromosoomide uurimisest
Teisipäeval, 13. mail kell 14.00 toimub Riia 23 ruumis 218 külalisseminar teemal „Chromosome-wide gene regulation and aneuploidy – lessons from the fruit fly“. Oma kogemust teadustöös äädikakärbse uurimisest jagab Umeå Ülikooli (Rootsi) professor Jan Larsson.
Jan Larsson keskendub oma teadusgrupiga kromosoomiülesele geeniregulatsiooni mehhanismidele äädikakärbse mudelis. Nende hiljutiste tööde tulemused viitavad uudsele seosele kromosoomide segregatsiooni (protsess, mille vead võivad põhjustada aneuploidust) ning kromosoomispetsiifilise suunamise ja regulatsiooni vahel. Seminar toimub inglise keeles.
In Drosophila, two chromosome-wide gene regulatory systems have been characterized:
- The the male-specific lethal dosage compensation complex (MSL complex) that acts on the male X-chromosome.
- The system that we have discovered, centered around the protein POF (Painting of Fourth). This system specifically regulates genes located on the 4th chromosome and represents the first example of a chromosome-wide, autosome-specific gene regulatory system.
Chromosome-wide gene regulatory systems have evolved in response to the functional aneuploidy that arises from the evolution of sex-chromosomes. Notably, aneuploidy, which involves the loss or duplication of entire chromosomes or parts thereof, diminishes overall fitness and consequently leads to proliferative disadvantages.
However, eukaryotic evolution has been significantly shaped not only by the formation of sex-chromosomes but also by e.g., copy-number variations. Given the critical role of aneuploidies in evolution, we anticipate the existence of evolved mechanisms that can respond to the gene-dose differences associated with aneuploidies and balance these conflicting requirements.
The seminar will be centered on our work on chromosome-wide gene regulation in fruit flies. Our recent results suggest a novel link between chromosome segregation, which is the pathway by which aneuploidies are induced, and chromosome-specific targeting and regulation.
References:
Methylation of lysine 36 on histone H3 is required to control transposon activities in somatic cells. Life Science Alliance, NLM (Medline) 2023, Vol. 6, (8), Lindehell, Henrik; Schwartz, Yuri B.; Larsson, Jan
Modulation of RNA stability regulates gene expression in two opposite ways: through buffering of RNA levels upon global perturbations and by supporting adapted differential expression. Nucleic Acids Research, Oxford University Press 2022, Vol. 50, (8) : 4372-4388, Faucillion, Marie-Line; Johansson, Anna-Mia; Larsson, Jan
The role of H3K36 methylation and associated methyltransferases in chromosome-specific gene regulation. Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science 2021, Vol. 7, (40), Lindehell, Henrik; Glotov, Alexander; Dorafshan, Eshagh; et al.
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